. . . ืื™ืš ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ?
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  • ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืชืŸ

ืื™ืš ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ?

ื›ืฉื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื ื™ื‘ื•ืช 2.5- ืขื“ 3.5% ืชืฉื•ืื”, ื›ืฉืื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ืœื ืžืคืฆื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื ื‘ื”ืŸ,

ืขื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืืœื”: ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ?


ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืคืกื™ืช ื ื•ืชื ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืกื‘ืจื ื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”, ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืื’"ื— ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืกื™ื›ื•ื™. ื•ื‘ืืžืช, ืžื™ ืฉื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ืื’"ื— ืืจื•ื›ื™ื (ื ื™ืงื— ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ืืช LQD ืงืจืŸ ืจื—ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ื™ ืื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ืงื•ื ืฆืจื ื™ื•ืช ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—"ืž 10 ืฉื ื™ื), ื”ืคืกื™ื“ ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื›- 4%.


ื’ื ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœื ืงื•ืกืžืช ื›ื‘ืขื‘ืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ืื‘ืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืฆื‘, ื•ืœื ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืืžื ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื ืชื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืชืงืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช.


ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

ืชืฉื•ืืช ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื–, ืื ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื‘ื“ื•, ื ืขื” ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ 2.5-3% ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืžืก, ื•ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœ 4-4.5% ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืžืก.


ืžื” ืฉืฉื•ืœื— ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ.


ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœ ื› 5000 ืฉืงืœ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื?

ืฉื•ื‘, ืืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื—ืกืจืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ. ื•ืงืจืŸ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช.


ื‘ืขืฆื, ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืคืกื™ืช ื“ื•ื—ืคืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ. ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื” ืœื ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื—ืœืง ืžืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืชื™ืง ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœ, ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืชื™ืงื™ื (ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืชื™ืงื™ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืืชืจ), ื”ื ื™ื‘ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ 7% ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืžืก ื•ื“ืžื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉื ืชื™. ืื ื ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืื” ืœืžื•ื ื—ื™ ื ื˜ื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœืชืฉื•ืื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ 4-4.5% ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ืขื‘ืจ. ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ืื ื•ื ื”, ืืœื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžื”ื ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืงืจืŸ - ืฉื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—ืช. ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ 3750 ืฉืงืœื™ื ื ื˜ื• ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืงืจืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœ.


ื ืกื›ื: ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื', ื ืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ื›ืกืคื ื• ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื™ืขื™ืœ, ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ 7% ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื•, ื ืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ 4-4.5% ื ื˜ื•. ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ 190, ืžืก ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื• 15% ื ื•ืžื™ื ืœื™, ื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื˜ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. (ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืขืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ 190)


ืฉืœื‘ ื‘: ืžื™ื ื•ืฃ: ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ืžืžื ืคื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฉื›ื ืชื, ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ื ืžื ืฃ.

ื ื™ืงื— ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืคืจื™ื™ื (1.6 ื›ื™ื•ื) ื•ืžื˜ื”. ืขืœ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื - ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืœื ื• ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœ.

ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื›- 666 ืฉืงืœื™ื.


ืฉืœื‘ ื’:

ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ื—ื•ื‘ ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืžื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›- 5% ืชืฉื•ืื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ื ื˜ื•. ื ื ื™ื— ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื ืคื” ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื—ืกืจ ืฉืœ ื›- 4.5% ืฉื ืชื™.

ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืœื ื•, ืขืœ ืกืš 500,000 ืฉืงืœื™ื, ื ืงื‘ืœ ื ื˜ื• ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ื›- 1875 ืฉืงืœื™ื


ื ืกื›ื ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื:


  • ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ: 3750 ืฉืงืœื™ื

  • ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื›- 660 ืฉืงืœื™ื

  • ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ื‘: ื›- 1875 ืฉืงืœื™ื

  • ืกื”"ื› ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ื ื˜ื• ืฉืœ 5000 ืฉืงืœ, ืขืœ ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœ.


ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื›ื ืกื” ื–ื• ืžืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ื ืคื•ืฆื” ืขืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ 1.8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืขืœื”.

ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื•ืื—ืช - ื”ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชืื™ื, ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ืœืจื•ื‘, ืื ื™ ื‘ื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ื–ื• ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื™, ื•ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžื”ืคืจื™ื™ื. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ื ื–ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ื›ื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”, ื’ื ืคื” ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื‘ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื•, ื•ื›ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื ื›ืก ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื‘ ืœื ื• ืžืขืœ 6% ื ื˜ื•, ืœืœื ื”ืชืขืกืงื•ืช ืขื ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื, ืคื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ ืฆื ืจืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื–ื’ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ืชืžื™ื“, ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ!


* ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ/ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืื• ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืื• ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืขืค"ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืฉื’ื ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืกืžืš ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ื›ื”ืฆืขื”, ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ, ืขืฆื”, ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืื• ืฉื›ื ื•ืข ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืื• ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืจืš ืื• ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื•/ืื• ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ืžืกืžืš ื–ื” ืื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืกืงื” ืื• ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืžืกืžืš ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื™ื™ืžืจ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ืžืกืžืš ื–ื”. ืœืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืงื™ืข ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืชื™ื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžืกืžืš ื–ื” ื›ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืงื™ืข ืงื™ื™ื ืื• ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™.






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